Cullen's sign- Cullen's sign is superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus.
- It is named for Thomas S. Cullen (1869-1953), an obstetrician who first described the sign in ruptured ectopic pregnancy in 1916.
- This sign takes 24-48 hours to appear and can predict acute pancreatitis, with mortality rising from 8-10% to 40%. It may be accompanied by Grey Turner's sign (bruising of the flank), which may then be indicative of pancreatic necrosis with retroperitoneal or intraabdominal bleeding.
Causes include:- acute pancreatitis, where methemalbumin formed from digested blood tracks around the abdomen from the inflamed pancreas
- bleeding from blunt abdominal trauma
- bleeding from ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
- bleeding from ruptured ectopic pregnancy
Importance of the sign is on a decline since better diagnostic modalities are now available
Turner's sign- Grey Turner's sign refers to bruising of the flanks.
- This sign takes 24–48 hours. It can predict a severe attack of acute pancreatitis, with mortality rising from 8-10% to 40%.[citation needed]It is a sign of retroperitoneal hemorrhage.
- It may be accompanied by Cullen's sign, which may then be indicative of pancreatic necrosis with retroperitoneal or intraabdominal bleeding.
- It is named for British surgeon George Grey Turner.
Causes include:- acute pancreatitis, whereby methemalbumin formed from digested blood tracks subcutaneously around the abdomen from the inflamed pancreas
- blunt abdominal trauma
- ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.
- Ruptured/ hemorrhagic ectopic pregnancy.
- spontaneous bleeding secondary to coagulopathy (congenital or acquired)
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